Career Preferences: Some
of the common areas of specialization in Medicine and Surgery are
General Practitioner or
Physician: He diagnosis and treats the every day and sundry
ailments of the human body. MBBS holders practice as physicians.
General Surgeon:
Is one who specializes in surgery for all organs of the body. He can further
specialize in specific areas. Duties involve examining the patient to determine
the extent and nature of injury, treatment through operation and giving post
operative care. Surgery is of various types Orthopedic, Plastic, Neuro etc.
Anesthetist
or Anesthesiologists:
Administers anesthetics to a patient undergoing surgical operation according to
the nature of operation. It is he who makes the surgical procedure as painless
as possible. His duties involve examining the patient to determine his capacity
to withstand shock of operation and anesthesia. He/she has huge responsibility
and has to be present throughout the operation.
Bacteriologist: Also called Microbiologist.
Conducts research and laboratory experiments on occurrence, growth,
development, control and utilization of bacteria and other micro-organisms.
Cardiologist: Also called as heart specialist.
Treats diseases related to heart and circulatory system.
Chiropodist: Also called pedicurist, treats foot
diseases and abnormalities. He treats corns, blisters etc using surgical
instruments.
Craniologist: Study of skulls.
Dermatologist:
Specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of skin problems.
ENT
Specialist:
Treats disorders of ear, nose and throat.
Eugenics: Study of improvement of human race
by applying laws of heredity. It is related with future generations.
Gynecologist-Obstetrician: Diagnosis and treats diseases and
disorders of human female reproduction system. They care for pregnant women
from conception through delivery.
Gastroenterologist: Treats diseases related to liver,
pancreas, stomach, intestine, bowels and gall bladder.
Hematology: Study of blood.
Hepatology: It is the branch of medicine that
incorporates the study of liver, gallbladder, biliary tree, and pancreas as
well as management of their disorders.
Immunology: Science which deals with the study
of resistance of organisms against infection.
Kalology: Study of human beauty.
Nephrology: Study of kidneys.
Neurologist: Diagnosis and treats diseases
related to brain and nervous system. They also specialize in Neuro-surgery.
Nutritionist: Gives instructions regarding food
values and utilization of foods in human body to keep it healthy and control
diseases. He prescribes diet for various diseases.
Obstetrics: Branch of medicine dealing with
pregnancy.
Ophthalmologist
or Eye Specialist:
Treats diseases and disorders of eyes.
Orthopedist: Deals with diseases connected to skeletal
system. Orthopedics is that branch of medicine that deals with the correction
of deformities and prevention of disorders in joints, muscles, tendons,
ligaments, cartilage, all bones and bony tissue.
Pathologist: Investigate the cause of various
diseases and the possibilities for their prevention. His duties involve
conducting chemical, microscopic and bacteriological test in labs and examining
blood, tissues, urine etc. to find out the cause for disease.
Pediatrician: Treats newborn babies and children
Physiologist: Studies normal functioning of
different organs and tissues of human body and investigates effects of physical
environments such as variations in altitude, speed, temperature etc on its
vital functions.
Psychiatrist: Diagnoses and treats mental
disorders.
Psychiatry
has two major branches:
The first is psychotherapy, the application of psychological techniques to the
treatment of mental illnesses. This branch uses non-drug therapies and will not
use physical techniques such as drugs or surgery. The second branch is
psychiatry, where medical therapies are used. After diagnosing physical and
behavioral symptoms, drugs and other means may be used for treatment.
Radiologist: Diagnosis diseases and disorders by
studying X-ray pictures of affected parts and gives treatment such as
therapeutic radiation to affected parts of the body.
Seismology: The study of earthquakes and the
movement of waves through the earth.
Toxicology: The study of poisons and the
effects of poisoning.
Tuberculosis
Specialist:
Treats ailments due to infection by tubercular disease.
Venereologist: Treats venereal or sexual diseases.
Zoology: The study of animals.
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